Formualizer Docs
ReferenceFunctionsStatistics Functions

COVARIANCE.S

COVARIANCE.S: Returns sample covariance for two paired numeric data sets.

Summary

COVARIANCE.S measures joint variability using n - 1 in the denominator.

Remarks

  • Arrays must contain paired numeric values with matching lengths.
  • Requires at least two paired points.
  • Returns #DIV/0! when fewer than two numeric pairs are available.
  • Pairing and shape mismatches return spreadsheet errors from paired-array validation.

Examples

Positive sample covariance
Grid
CellValue
No inputs on Sheet1.
Formula
=
Result
Not evaluated yet.
Expected
4
Negative sample covariance
Grid
CellValue
No inputs on Sheet1.
Formula
=
Result
Not evaluated yet.
Expected
-1

Runtime metadata

Category

Statistics

Signature

COVARIANCE.S(arg1, arg2, ... argN: Number (Range))

This function accepts a repeating argument pattern (min args: 2).

Arity

min 2, max 1

Arguments

arg1

Number · Range · coercion NumberLenientText

Caps

PUREREDUCTIONNUMERIC_ONLY

Source

crates/formualizer-eval/src/builtins/stats/mod.rs

COVARIANCE.P

COVARIANCE.P: Returns population covariance for two paired numeric data sets.

DEVSQ

DEVSQ: Returns the sum of squared deviations from the mean.

On this page

SummaryRemarksExamplesRelated functionsRuntime metadata